61. Which function securely hashes passwords in PHP?
- a) password_hash()
- b) md5()
- c) sha1()
- d) crypt()
Answer: A - password_hash() uses bcrypt by default and is the recommended way to hash passwords.
62. How do you prevent SQL injection in PHP?
- a) Use prepared statements (PDO/MySQLi)
- b) Escape strings with mysql_real_escape_string()
- c) Both A and B
- d) Disable magic quotes
Answer: A - Prepared statements with parameterized queries are the most secure approach.
63. Which Laravel command creates a new controller?
- a) php artisan make:controller
- b) laravel create:controller
- c) php make controller
- d) artisan new:controller
Answer: A - Laravel's Artisan CLI uses
make:controller.
64. What is CSRF protection in Laravel?
- a) A security feature against cross-site request forgery
- b) Database encryption
- c) Password hashing
- d) SQL injection prevention
Answer: A - CSRF tokens verify that requests originate from your application.
65. Which Symfony component is used for HTTP requests/responses?
- a) HttpFoundation
- b) HttpKernel
- c) HttpClient
- d) BrowserKit
Answer: A - HttpFoundation provides Request and Response objects.
66. How do you enable error reporting in PHP?
- a) error_reporting(E_ALL); ini_set('display_errors', 1);
- b) display_errors(1);
- c) set_error_reporting('all');
- d) debug_mode(true);
Answer: A - error_reporting() sets the level, while ini_set() enables display.
67. Which WordPress function loads the header template?
- a) get_header()
- b) load_header()
- c) header_template()
- d) include_header()
Answer: A - get_header() includes header.php from the theme.
68. What is Composer in PHP?
- a) A dependency management tool
- b) A framework
- c) An IDE
- d) A testing library
Answer: A - Composer manages PHP package dependencies.
69. Which function sanitizes user input for HTML output?
- a) htmlspecialchars()
- b) sanitize()
- c) clean_input()
- d) filter_html()
Answer: A - htmlspecialchars() converts special characters to HTML entities.
70. What is a PHP trait?
- a) A mechanism for code reuse in single inheritance
- b>An interface
- c) A type of class
- d) A namespace
Answer: A - Traits enable horizontal code reuse (unlike vertical inheritance).
71. Which PHP extension is used for MySQLi?
- a) mysqli
- b) mysql
- c) pdo_mysql
- d) sqlite
Answer: A - The mysqli extension provides improved MySQL functionality.
72. How do you implement autoloading in PHP?
- a) spl_autoload_register()
- b) __autoload()
- c) auto_include()
- d) Both A and B
Answer: D - Both work, but spl_autoload_register() is preferred (allows multiple autoloaders).
73. Which Laravel feature provides database query building?
- a) Eloquent ORM
- b) Query Builder
- c) DB Facade
- d>All of the above
Answer: D - Laravel offers multiple database interaction methods.
74. What is PHP-FPM?
- a) FastCGI Process Manager
- b) A framework
- c>Package manager
- d) Debugging tool
Answer: A - PHP-FPM manages PHP processes for high-performance sites.
75. Which WordPress hook runs during plugin activation?
- a) register_activation_hook()
- b) on_activate()
- c) init_hook()
- d) plugin_activate()
Answer: A - register_activation_hook() sets up activation routines.
76. What is the purpose of PHP's filter_var() function?
- a) Validates and sanitizes data
- b) Filters arrays
- c) Creates database filters
- d) Manages file uploads
Answer: A - filter_var() can validate emails, URLs, etc., and sanitize input.
77. Which Symfony command clears the cache?
- a) php bin/console cache:clear
- b) symfony cache:clean
- c) console cache:purge
- d) app/console cache:clear
Answer: A - Symfony 4+ uses the bin/console path for CLI commands.
78. What is Dependency Injection in PHP?
- a) Providing dependencies to a class externally
- b>Injecting SQL queries
- c) A security vulnerability
- d>PHP configuration setting
Answer: A - DI is a design pattern for loose coupling and testability.
79. Which PHP function generates a random string?
- a) random_bytes()
- b) rand()
- c) mt_rand()
- d) uniqid()
Answer: A - random_bytes() is cryptographically secure (PHP 7+).
80. What is the purpose of PHP's __invoke() method?
- a) Allows an object to be called as a function
- b>Destructor method
- c>Initializes static properties
- d>Handles method overloading
Answer: A - __invoke() enables callable objects (e.g.,
$object()).